Sheikh Sameer
The tourism industry in Jammu and Kashmir is the biggest contributor of its GDP. More than 3.50 lakhs tourists have arrived in Kashmir in the year 2023 marking a high tourist footfall in the region. Those who are directly or indirectly dependent on the tourism industry of Kashmir are thankful to the Government of India and the administration of Jammu and Kashmir. These people had a good economic year and are hopeful of a good tourist season this year. However, in the side of Kashmir, people are on roads protesting for basic facilities. Recently, roads and streets wore deserted looks because of the month’s long protests. The protesters were chanting slogans demanding change visible in Indian Jammu and Kashmir, expressing readiness to merge with India. The people are in deep frustration and depression with the skyrocketing prices of essential commodities in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir.
Pakistan, grappling with a deep economic crisis, is unable to address the grievances of the people of Pakistan Occupied Kashmir. Generally, a nation progresses when there is peace, yet Pakistan faces day-to-day suicide bombings in different areas, resulting in the loss of thousands of innocent lives. However, the root cause of this insecurity lies within the radicalized ideology perpetuated by Pakistan, particularly in the different parts of Pakistan Occupied Kashmir, which has led to the suffering of its people.
Pakistan has kept the occupied land of Kashmir and Gilgit Balochistan for warfare inventories and for snatching natural resources. The main centers of various terror organizations are based in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir. Pakistan has never considered listening to the pleas of the people of POJK/GB. It has constructed roads and provided facilities in those areas only where it seems to serve its own interests. Since Pakistan occupied Jammu and Kashmir is part of Jammu and Kashmir, the scenic beauty, gushing waters, and snow-capped mountains are also present there. However, there is a high tourist influx in the Indian part of Jammu and Kashmir and nearly no tourist inflow to the other side due to security threats. Nobody would ever want to visit an area where they have to risk their lives.
POJK faces a myriad of internal security challenges that contribute to its unstable environment. Insurgency, militancy, political unrest, and social tensions are prevalent, creating a volatile atmosphere that hampers peace and stability. Since Pakistan has kept the main centers/headquarters of different terror organizations like Hizbul Mujhaideen, Lashkar-e-Toiba, Jaish-i-Mohammad, and others in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir, Pakistan itself hesitates to invest in this region. This connotation has led to internal terror threats for the mainland of Pakistan. Many terror groups operating in Pakistan are in conflict with the political and security establishments of Pakistan and are seeking complete independence from them. Moreover, internal political dynamics and governance issues exacerbate security challenges. Corruption, weak governance structures, and a lack of accountability breed discontent among the populace, further fueling unrest. The absence of effective law enforcement mechanisms allows criminal elements to operate with impunity, undermining the rule of law and exacerbating security concerns. The economic crisis in POJK is deeply intertwined with its internal security challenges, with profound implications for various sectors of the economy.
Tourism Sector: POJK, blessed with breathtaking natural landscapes and historical sites, holds significant potential for tourism development. However, persistent security threats deter tourists from visiting the region, resulting in a sharp decline in tourism revenue and employment opportunities. The lack of investment in infrastructure and tourism-related services further stymies the growth of this sector. The persistent security threats in POJK have not only deterred tourists but also hindered the development of tourism infrastructure. Due to the constant threat of violence and instability, investors are reluctant to fund tourism-related projects such as hotels, resorts, and recreational facilities. As a result, the region lacks adequate accommodation options and amenities for visitors, further reducing its attractiveness as a tourist destination.
Agriculture: Agriculture forms the backbone of the economy in many rural areas of POJK. However, insecurity disrupts agricultural activities, leading to reduced productivity and income levels for farmers. Fear of violence and instability also dissuades investment in agricultural infrastructure and technology, further stifling growth in this sector. Moreover, Insecurity in POJK disrupts agricultural supply chains, leading to delays and losses for farmers. Transportation routes are often targeted by militants, making it difficult for farmers to transport their produce to markets. Additionally, the fear of violence discourages farmers from investing in modern agricultural techniques and technologies, limiting productivity and exacerbating food insecurity in the region.
Manufacturing and Industry: The manufacturing and industrial sectors in POJK struggle to thrive amidst pervasive security challenges. Investors are wary of establishing or expanding operations in an environment fraught with unrest, leading to a lack of industrial development and job opportunities. Inadequate infrastructure and unreliable electricity supply further hinder industrial growth and productivity. Trade and Commerce: Cross-border trade between POJK and neighboring regions has been adversely affected by security concerns. Ceasefire violations and border tensions with India have disrupted trade routes and led to the closure of trade corridors, limiting economic interactions and trade relations with neighboring countries. Additionally, the infiltration of illegal arms and ammunition through trade routes has further fueled insecurity and instability in the region.
Infrastructure Development: Security concerns deter investment in critical infrastructure projects, such as roads, bridges, and utilities. Delayed or abandoned infrastructure initiatives hinder connectivity and impede the region’s ability to attract investment and stimulate economic growth. Reports indicate that many educational institutions in POJK lack basic amenities like proper roofing, while the healthcare sector suffers from shortages of essential medicines, resulting in preventable loss of lives. The internal security challenges in POJK have led to underinvestment in essential sectors such as education and healthcare. Many schools and colleges in the region lack basic infrastructure and facilities, hindering access to quality education for local residents. Similarly, healthcare facilities suffer from shortages of essential medicines and medical equipment, resulting in preventable loss of lives and exacerbating public health issues.
The economic crisis in Pakistan Occupied Jammu and Kashmir is deeply entrenched in its internal security challenges, which continue to undermine peace, stability, and development in the region. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that prioritizes peace, stability, and inclusive economic development for the benefit of all residents.