The state of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) is a very beautiful region with a combination of nature and culture. The state has three districts: Jammu Division, Kashmir Valley and Ladakh. Kashmir is the smallest state by area (15.73%), and the largest by population (54.93%). The Jammu region is dominated by Hindus and Sikhs, with a minority of Muslims; The Kashmir Valley region is Muslim, with a minority of Hindus and Sikhs, while the Ladakh-Baltistan region is Christian. When the British gave power to India had 562 vassal states and each vassal had three options; Join the Indian Union, join the Pakistani Dominion or remain independent. Except for Hyderabad, which was ruled by Muslim Nawabs, most states signed the instrument of accession and joined the Congress-led Indian Union on 15 August 1947; Junagadh in western India is a Hindu-majority state ruled by a Muslim ruler. It wants to join Pakistan to transform Jammu and Kashmir into a Muslim-majority state ruled by a Hindu king. Finally, New Delhi held state elections and Junagadh was added to the Indian Federation, but Pakistan never accepted it; Hyderabad was controlled by India; Jammu and Kashmir fell victim to political and political-military conflict. It still continues (Lamb, 1991).
Kashmir has been a conflict zone of constant violence for the past three decades.
It focuses mostly on struggle, conflict, human rights violations, which are good topics for academics. When there was no violence in Kashmir from the 1940s onwards, from 1989 the country’s struggle for independence strengthened and armed struggle began. According to media reports in 2008, the death toll in the conflict that has been going on for nearly two years in Kashmir has exceeded 47,000; this figure does not include those lost due to the conflict (Reuters, 2008). According to Human Rights Watch’s 156-page “Everybody Lives in Fear” report published in 2006, more than 50,000 people are said to have died in conflicts since 1989 (as of 2006). (Human Rights Watch, 2006) Massive attacks followed in 2008, 2010, and most recently in 2016, killing hundreds and injuring thousands. Official records show that around 110 people were killed in the 2010 Kashmir uprising (Ishfaq-ul-Hassan, 2011), and Human Rights Review’s 2016 annual report gives the total number of those killed in 2016. Yasir, 2017).
Conflict has caused a lot of damage and destruction, including conflicts, conflicts, poor education, physical health and mental disorders, mental depression and discontent of the masses. The most disappointing aspect of this conflict is that young people have been the victims of the past three decades. The lives of all young people are affected by conflict, which disrupts traditional society, weakens the privileged, destroys culture and problem-solving culture, and disrupts community organizations used for support in crises (Hassan, 2011). The media is considered to play an important role in conflicts. The role of mass media in conflict situations has attracted the attention of many studies. The media is a platform to discuss the causes and consequences of conflict and to advocate for peaceful solutions. Although the media is sometimes accused of causing conflict, it has great potential for conflict resolution and peacebuilding. Negative news publicizes political opponents or increases the legitimacy of support for peace.
